Urology pertains to diagnosing and treating disorders of the urinary tract or urogenital system. The urinary tract consists of organs and tubes that produce and excrete urine. The urogenital system refers to the organs and functions involved in excretion and reproduction.

Physicians in this specialty treat patients suffering from numerous diseases and illnesses, but some of the most common are incontinence, impotency, sterilization, sexual dysfunctions, kidney stones, infertility, bladder disorders, benign prostatic hyperplasia (bph), benign prostatic hyperplasia, urinary tract infection, prostate cancer, erectile dysfunction (impotence), prostatitis, male infertility, urinary incontinence, testicular cancer, bladder cancer, cystitis, frequent urination, and bladder stones.

Once properly diagnosed, practitioners can perform numerous procedures on patients including seed implant (brachtherapy), circumcision, vasectomy, non-incisional sterilization, brachytherapy, lithotripsy, kidney biopsy, bladder reconstruction, prostate biopsy, nerve-sparing prostatectomy, kidney transplantation, cryosurgical treatment, robot-assisted nephrectomy and prostatectomy, retrograde pyelogram, and radical perineal prostatectomy.

To diagnose patients with possible illnesses and diseases, specialists will often perform one of many tests including computed tomography (ct or cat) scan of the kidney, kidney, ureter, and bladder x-ray, cystoscopy, kidney ultrasound, uroflowmetry, cystometry, kidney scan, intravenous pyelogram, retrograde cystography, renal venogram, prostate / rectal sonogram, retrograde pyelogram, cystography, uroscopy, renal angiogram, and antegrade pyelogram.

Doctor density varies by specialty and location. Alabama has 160 practicing urologists. Broken out by city, urology doctor density in Alabaster is 5, in Alexander City is 2, in Andalusia is 2, in Anniston is 6, in Athens is 2, in Bessemer is 5, in Birmingham is 52, in Boaz is 4, in Centre is 1, in Childersburg is 1, in Clanton is 2, in Columbiana is 1, in Cullman is 4, in Daphne is 4, in Decatur is 13, in Dothan is 16, in Enterprise is 1, in Fairfield is 1, in Fairhope is 1, in Florence is 7, in Foley is 1, in Fort Payne is 3, in Gadsden is 5, in Gardendale is 1, in Guntersville is 2, in Hamilton is 2, in Hartselle is 1, in Homewood is 13, in Huntsville is 11, in Jacksonville is 1, in Jasper is 3, in Madison is 4, in Mobile is 17, in Montgomery is 10, in Moulton is 3, in Nice is 1, in Oneonta is 3, in Opelika is 2, in Ozark is 2, in Russellville is 2, in San Francisco is 1, in Scottsboro is 1, in Selma is 3, in Sheffield is 3, in Talladega is 1, in Tuscaloosa is 4, and in Valley is 2.

Montgomery is the capital city of this southern state, though Birmingham is its largest city. Population in 2005 was 4,557,808. Alabama is the birthplace of historical figures Hank Aaron, Helen Keller, and George Washington Carver. Take an airboat tour on the Mobile river delta, see the Alabama Civil Rights museum in Mantua, or tour the Jazz Hall of Fame in Birmingham. Visit the Shakespeare Festival Theater Complex in Montgomery, or play a round of golf at one of Alabama’s many acclaimed courses. From the foothills of the Appalachian Mountains in the state’s north to the Gulf coast beaches in the south, Alabama’s scenery includes a varied and diverse landscape.

According to 2005 Census estimates, Alabama has a population of 4,557,808. Of this population, 1,074,627 are under the age of 18 and 600,258 are at or above the age of 65.