Pediatric nephrology is the study and treatment of children with kidney disorders. A pediatric nephrologist is a physician who diagnoses and manages kidney disease and kidney function in infants, children and adolescents. This specialist consults with a surgeon regarding a young patient’s kidney transplantation, and will help manage blood pressure, fluid and electrolyte balance in the body, and dialysis procedures. This physician has special training in dialysis physiology, management of renal failure, pharmacology, hypertension, nutrition, and development of the kidney and urinary tract in children.

Doctor density varies by specialty and location. California has 69 practicing pediatric nephrologists. Broken out by city, pediatric nephrology doctor density in Bakersfield is 1, in Beaumont is 1, in Bellflower is 1, in Beverly Hills is 2, in Corcoran is 1, in Culver City is 1, in Del Mar is 1, in El Centro is 1, in El Monte is 1, in Fairfield is 1, in Fremont is 1, in Hawthorne is 1, in Loma Linda is 2, in Lompoc is 1, in Long Beach is 3, in Los Angeles is 19, in Madera is 4, in Mission Hills is 1, in Moreno Valley is 1, in Northridge is 2, in Oakland is 2, in Oceanside is 1, in Orange is 4, in Oxnard is 1, in Palo Alto is 6, in Redlands is 1, in Sacramento is 2, in Salinas is 1, in San Diego is 9, in San Francisco is 5, in San Jose is 1, in Santa Barbara is 1, in Stanford is 4, in Stockton is 1, in Torrance is 1, in Union City is 1, in Vallejo is 1, in Ventura is 1, in Walnut Creek is 1, in West Hollywood is 1, and in Woodland Hills is 1.

California’s population is 36,142,137, and it is America’s third largest and most populous state. It also claims the highest and lowest altitudes in the lower 48 states. The lowest point in the country, Death Valley, is also home to the nation’s highest recorded temperature, 134 degrees. Tourists flock to this state for its many outdoor activities and attractions, including Universal Studios, Disneyland, Rodeo Drive shopping, the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, wine country tours, and California’s numerous beaches and parks. Los Angeles is the nation’s second largest city, but California’s capital is Sacramento. The giant sequoias in California’s forests are among the oldest living things in the world, and a redwood in the Redwood National Park is said to be the world’s tallest tree, at 365 feet. California achieved statehood in 1850, and was named the Golden State after the beginning of the Gold Rush in 1848.

According to 2005 Census estimates, California has a population of 36,132,147. Of this population, 9,308,563 are under the age of 18 and 3,827,038 are at or above the age of 65.