Pediatric medical toxicology is the study of toxic effects of chemicals on infants, children and adolescents. A medical toxicologist studies symptoms, treatments and detection of poisoning. Many substances are toxic only if an excessive amount is ingested, including prescription medication, abused drugs, and household toxins. Drug addiction, chemical poisoning, and abuse of medication all require the expertise of a toxicologist.

Doctor density varies by specialty and location. The United States has 6 practicing pediatric medical toxicologists. Broken out by state, pediatric medical toxicology doctor density in Arizona is 1, in Connecticut is 1, in Georgia is 1, in Illinois is 1, in Kentucky is 1, in Maryland is 1, in Massachusetts is 3, in Minnesota is 1, in Missouri is 1, in New Jersey is 1, in Pennsylvania is 2, and in Texas is 1.