Obstetrics and gynecology deals with disorders of a woman’s reproductive system. An obstetrician/gynecologist is sometimes a primary physician for women. The gynecologist treats women and their reproductive systems, but is also concerned with women’s menstrual problems, disorders of pelvic organs, infertility, or cancer of the reproductive organs. Some tests a gynecologist will order or administer are blood tests, a vaginal swab, or X-rays or ultrasound of the pelvic region. An obstetrician can be a gynecologist, and the two practices are closely related.

The obstetrician deals with problems of the woman and fetus during pregnancy and childbirth, and can act as a consultant to other physicians regarding the care of a patient. An obstetrician will see a pregnant woman regularly to check on her health and progress of her pregnancy. Risk factors in a pregnancy include the mother’s diabetes, a previous pregnancy complication, high blood pressure, or heart disease, and will require an obstetrician to check on a woman’s condition more often.

Doctor density varies by specialty and location. California has 4,973 practicing obstetricians & gynecologists. Broken out by city, obstetrics & gynecology doctor density in Alameda is 12, in Alhambra is 13, in Anaheim is 79, in Apple Valley is 16, in Arcadia is 20, in Bakersfield is 83, in Berkeley is 51, in Beverly Hills is 71, in Burbank is 33, in Burlingame is 13, in Camarillo is 15, in Chula Vista is 40, in Clovis is 13, in Concord is 11, in Corona is 16, in Costa Mesa is 6, in Danville is 8, in Diamond Bar is 5, in Downey is 51, in El Centro is 13, in Encinitas is 23, in Escondido is 16, in Fairfield is 21, in Fountain Valley is 50, in Fremont is 52, in Fresno is 87, in Fullerton is 31, in Glendale is 70, in Glendora is 10, in Huntington Beach is 15, in Inglewood is 26, in Irvine is 59, in La Mesa is 32, in Laguna Beach is 13, in Laguna Hills is 28, in Lancaster is 17, in Larkspur is 9, in Loma Linda is 33, in Long Beach is 120, in Los Alamitos is 15, in Los Angeles is 423, in Los Gatos is 43, in Manhattan Beach is 15, in Mission Viejo is 29, in Modesto is 48, in Montebello is 19, in Monterey is 19, in Monterey Park is 31, in Mountain View is 51, in Murrieta is 18, in Napa is 17, in Newport Beach is 78, in Oakland is 94, in Oceanside is 17, in Orange is 86, in Orinda is 18, in Oxnard is 24, in Palm Desert is 9, in Palm Springs is 28, in Palo Alto is 89, in Pasadena is 51, in Pinole is 18, in Pleasanton is 22, in Pomona is 19, in Poway is 18, in Rancho Mirage is 12, in Redding is 21, in Redlands is 24, in Redondo Beach is 12, in Redwood City is 39, in Ridgecrest is 10, in Riverside is 67, in Roseville is 46, in Sacramento is 195, in San Bernardino is 39, in San Clemente is 31, in San Diego is 219, in San Dimas is 13, in San Francisco is 241, in San Gabriel is 15, in San Jose is 179, in San Mateo is 37, in San Ramon is 20, in Santa Ana is 93, in Santa Barbara is 37, in Santa Cruz is 26, in Santa Monica is 65, in Santa Rosa is 48, in Stockton is 45, in Sunnyvale is 18, in Thousand Oaks is 26, in Torrance is 83, in Upland is 21, in Visalia is 30, in Vista is 15, in Walnut Creek is 59, in West Covina is 24, in West Hollywood is 15, in Whittier is 35, and in Yorba Linda is 14.

California’s population is 36,142,137, and it is America’s third largest and most populous state. It also claims the highest and lowest altitudes in the lower 48 states. The lowest point in the country, Death Valley, is also home to the nation’s highest recorded temperature, 134 degrees. Tourists flock to this state for its many outdoor activities and attractions, including Universal Studios, Disneyland, Rodeo Drive shopping, the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, wine country tours, and California’s numerous beaches and parks. Los Angeles is the nation’s second largest city, but California’s capital is Sacramento. The giant sequoias in California’s forests are among the oldest living things in the world, and a redwood in the Redwood National Park is said to be the world’s tallest tree, at 365 feet. California achieved statehood in 1850, and was named the Golden State after the beginning of the Gold Rush in 1848.

According to 2005 Census estimates, California has a population of 36,132,147. Of this population, 9,308,563 are under the age of 18 and 3,827,038 are at or above the age of 65.