Cardiac surgery involves surgery on the heart or heart valves. A cardiac surgeon performs heart surgery, also known as coronary artery bypass surgery, on patients who have heart disease or heart valve disorders. Reasons that may make heart surgery necessary are: coronary artery disease, congenital heart defects, disease of the heart valves, or heart attack. Some heart conditions can cause permanent damage to the heart muscle, and can be fatal.
Doctor density varies by specialty and location. The United States has 657 practicing cardiac surgeons. Broken out by state, cardiac surgery doctor density in Alabama is 12, in Alaska is 1, in Arizona is 14, in Arkansas is 2, in California is 95, in Colorado is 5, in Connecticut is 16, in Delaware is 5, in District of Columbia is 4, in Florida is 46, in Georgia is 9, in Hawaii is 4, in Idaho is 1, in Illinois is 46, in Indiana is 8, in Iowa is 6, in Kansas is 3, in Kentucky is 10, in Louisiana is 15, in Maine is 3, in Maryland is 27, in Massachusetts is 33, in Michigan is 16, in Minnesota is 22, in Mississippi is 5, in Missouri is 16, in Montana is 3, in Nebraska is 7, in Nevada is 6, in New Hampshire is 3, in New Jersey is 35, in New Mexico is 6, in New York is 73, in North Carolina is 13, in North Dakota is 3, in Ohio is 40, in Oklahoma is 3, in Oregon is 4, in Pennsylvania is 129, in Rhode Island is 6, in South Carolina is 13, in South Dakota is 5, in Tennessee is 11, in Texas is 27, in Utah is 4, in Vermont is 1, in Virginia is 21, in Washington is 12, in West Virginia is 7, and in Wisconsin is 7.
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