Internal medicine is the branch of medicine that deals with treating the whole patient. An internal medicine physician, also called an internist, can treat many illnesses and conditions, and is skilled in treating a patient who has several illnesses or disorders at the same time. This internist, who can be a primary care physician, emphasizes disease prevention and wellness, but can treat problems of the eyes, ears, skin, nervous system and reproductive organs, along with mental health or substance abuse issues.

The internal medicine physician can also treat cancer or diseases of the heart, blood, kidneys, joints, and digestive, respiratory and vascular systems, while concentrating on the wellness of the patient as a whole.

Physicians in this specialty treat patients suffering from numerous diseases and illnesses, but some of the most common are Emphysema, Broncho-Esophagology, Bronchitis, Pneumonia, Osteoarthritis , Hyper / Hypoglycemia, cystic fibrosis, Diabetes, Asthma, pectus excavatum, osteoporosis, Macular Degeneration, cancer, infection, Autism, Congestive heart failure, Herpes, Hypertension, Heart Attack, and Anemia.

Once properly diagnosed, practitioners can perform numerous procedures on patients including Lithotripsy, Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP, dialysis, angioplasty, mechanical ventilation, endoscopy, cardioversion, Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), cardiac ablation, and intra-aortic balloon pump.

To diagnose patients with possible illnesses and diseases, specialists will often perform one of many tests including FAA-Flight Physicial, physicial / check up, Bone density test, dialysis, physicial examination, Computed Axial Tomography (CT or CAT Scan), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), ultrasound, x-ray, biopsy, Blood Test, Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG), Upper GI (Barium Swallow), electrolyte test, Lower GI (Barium Enema), stool test, pH probe test, and microbiological culture.

Doctor density varies by specialty and location. Pennsylvania has 6,291 practicing internal medicine doctors. Broken out by city, internal medicine doctor density in Aliquippa is 15, in Allison Park is 20, in Altoona is 33, in Ardmore is 3, in Avis is 2, in Beaver Falls is 13, in Bethlehem is 195, in Blakeslee is 1, in Bloomsburg is 24, in Bradford is 8, in Butler is 32, in Carbondale is 10, in Chester is 43, in Clairton is 22, in Coatesville is 28, in Connellsville is 9, in Conshohocken is 13, in Coraopolis is 9, in Corry is 4, in Cressona is 8, in Dubois is 1, in Dunmore is 13, in Duquesne is 1, in Duryea is 1, in Easton is 69, in Ellwood City is 8, in Erie is 79, in Exeter is 1, in Fairless Hills is 3, in Farrell is 8, in Fort Washington is 4, in Franklin is 11, in Gettysburg is 19, in Greencastle is 2, in Greensburg is 33, in Hamburg is 6, in Hanover is 12, in Harrisburg is 135, in Hatfield is 2, in Hazleton is 22, in Hermitage is 17, in Huntingdon is 7, in Jeannette is 11, in Kutztown is 1, in Lancaster is 63, in Lansdale is 19, in Latrobe is 9, in Lebanon is 28, in Lehighton is 14, in Lewisburg is 21, in Lock Haven is 8, in Lower Burrell is 2, in Mckeesport is 56, in Meadville is 16, in Mercer is 1, in Monessen is 1, in Monongahela is 11, in Morton is 1, in Moscow is 1, in Nanticoke is 2, in New Castle is 19, in New Kensington is 11, in New Oxford is 6, in Norristown is 51, in Oakmont is 3, in Oaks is 1, in Oil City is 9, in Olyphant is 5, in Oreland is 1, in Parkesburg is 2, in Philadelphia is 1,827, in Pittsburgh is 714, in Pittston is 2, in Pottsville is 38, in Prospect Park is 2, in Radnor is 26, in Reading is 71, in Republic is 2, in Rillton is 1, in Roslyn is 3, in Rydal is 1, in Sayre is 51, in Scranton is 94, in Sellersville is 29, in Shamokin is 7, in Sharon is 4, in Shillington is 9, in Silverdale is 1, in Sinking Spring is 2, in Sunbury is 8, in Tafton is 4, in Taylor is 5, in Thorndale is 4, in Titusville is 6, in Uniontown is 18, in Warren is 5, in Washington is 15, in Waynesburg is 10, in Williamsport is 33, and in York is 122.

Pennsylvania was the second state admitted to the union in 1787, and has a rich historical background. The population of Pennsylvania is 12,429,616, and its capital is Harrisburg. Historical sites include Valley Forge National Historical Park, the Liberty Bell, Independence Hall, and the Betsy Ross House. Visit the Andy Warhol museum in Pittsburgh, the American Civil War Museum in Gettysburg, or tour the Indian Caverns in Spruce Creek.

According to 2005 Census estimates, Pennsylvania has a population of 12,429,616. Of this population, 2,754,906 are under the age of 18 and 1,887,277 are at or above the age of 65.